Disassembly Methods and Precautions of Machine Parts
The disassembly of machine parts is to facilitate inspection and maintenance. Because the structure of mechanical equipment has its own characteristics, there are differences in quality, structure, precision, and other aspects of parts. If disassembled improperly, the parts will be damaged, causing unnecessary waste, or even impossible to repair. ZHONGKEN shares the disassembly methods and precautions of machine parts for everyone below.
Disassembly method
1. Hammering disassembly method
The force or energy of hammering is used to displace and separate the cooperating containing parts, and the method to achieve the purpose of disassembling parts is called hammering disassembly.
This method is simple and easy to implement and is used daily. It is mainly used for the disassembly of parts with simple structure and loose or not a tight fit, such as dynamic fit, overfit, and parts with an interference less than 0.03mm. But it cannot be used for the disassembly of precision parts that are not suitable for impact.
When disassembling by hammering, soft materials such as copper plates, copper rods, aluminum plates, etc. should be used to pad the hit parts of the parts to avoid damage to the parts. The hammering tool can be a hand hammer, sledgehammer, or other special hammering tool.
2. Tension and compression disassembly method
With the help of jacks, die and other tools that can generate tension and pressure, the mating surfaces of the contained parts are displaced and separated. This disassembly method is called the tension and compression disassembly method. This disassembly method has uniform force on the parts, and the direction of force is easy to control. It is mostly used for the disassembly of parts with larger size and larger interference. Specifically: it is suitable for the 0.03-0.08mm parts disassembly.
3. Heating disassembly method
Utilize the characteristics of thermal expansion and contraction to quickly heat the containing parts to expand the inner hole, reduce the interference of the mating surface, and even produce gaps, so that the parts will be displaced and ejected under the guidance of the die or jack.
This disassembly method is actually a comprehensive disassembly method, heating, pulling and pressing, and hammering throughout the entire disassembly process, used for parts with an interference greater than 0.1mm.
At the same time, when heating and disassembling, you should first install the tension and compression tools in place and work hard. When the tension and compression do not move, pour the heated oil on the containment member to expand it, thereby causing displacement and disengagement.
It is also possible to use an oxyacetylene flame to heat the containment member to achieve the purpose of disassembly. The heating method can be selected according to the specific situation. If the interference is large, the part size is large, and the shape and size are not affected when heating, the flame heating can be used, otherwise, the liquid heating can be used.
Precautions
The disassembly of parts is very delicate work with a certain technical content, which should be paid attention to in the following aspects.
1. Before disassembling, you should carefully study the relevant drawings and manuals and other materials, understand the material, structure, and tightness of the parts, and determine the disassembly method and the movable direction of the containing parts.
2. Before disassembling, mark the parts and their positions and determine the order of disassembly and installation of parts.
3. Before disassembling, wipe clean the exit mating surface of the parts and add a little oil. When disassembling, the force should be evenly applied, and the withdrawal amount of the surrounding parts should be constantly checked. If there is a jam, the force should be stopped, the cause should be analyzed and measures should be taken before disassembly.
4. During the disassembly process, attention must be paid to safety, the equipment used must be reliable, and the operation must be stable and proper. When disassembling tall or slender parts, measures to prevent collapse, overturning, and damage should be taken to avoid personal injury. Equipment accident.
5. The parts that do not need to be disassembled should not be disassembled as much as possible; the disassembled parts should be kept, and will not be lost, damaged, damaged, or polluted.
6. Generally do not disassemble if there is one of the following conditions
(1) Manufacture and assembly of interference fit components that are undamaged and require no treatment, such as supporting wheels and shafts, ring gears and hubs, etc.
(2) Assembled, tightly sealed and lead-sealed parts, such as couplers, actuators, etc.
(3) It has been calibrated and disassembled which will affect the accuracy of the detection devices, such as precision instruments.
(4) Parts that cannot be disassembled as expressly stipulated in the technical documents.
Before disassembly, we need to figure out the structure and working principle of the mechanical equipment. If you want to know more about machine parts after reading the above, you can get a comprehensive solution by contacting us.
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